CATHOLIC MISSIONARIES IN THE MONGOL EMPIRE (13TH–14TH CENTURIES)
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R. Hautala
Abstract
The present study considers the development of Catholic apostolate in the Mongol Empire in the 13th and 14th centuries as integrated harmoniously into the generic competition of world religions on the nomads’ conversion. This paper reflects the actual state of present research including a description of its two central points that concern both information on the extent of the Catholic apostolate in the East and the methods of Gospel preaching among the nomads.
How to Cite
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Catholic apostolate, Catholic missionaries, Gospel preaching, Mongol empire, Nomads
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Giovanni di Pian di Carpine (1989), Storia dei Mongoli, P. Daffinà, C. Leopardi, M. C. Lungarotti, E. Menestò, L. Petech (eds), Spoleto.
Golubovich G. (1906–1927), Biblioteca bio-bibliografica della Terra santa e dell’Oriente francescano, Quaracchi, Firenze.
Guglielmo di Rubruk (2011), Viaggio in Mongolia (Itinerarium), P. Chiesa (ed.), Torino.
Hertsen J. A. (1995), “Aquinas’s Philosophy in Its Historical Setting”, in The Cambridge Companion to Aquinas, Cambridge, UK, New York.
Hillgarth J. N. (1971), Ramon Lull and Lullism in Fourteenth-Century France, Oxford.
Jackson P. (2005a), “Mongols and the Faith of the Conquered”, in Mongols, Turks, and Others. Eurasian Nomads and the Sedentary World, Leiden, Boston, MA.
Jackson P. (2005b), The Mongols and the West, 1221–1410, Harlow, UK.
Krawulsky D. (2011), The Mongol Ilkhans and their Vizier Rashi ad al-Din, Frankfurt am Main.
Marino Sanudo Torsello (2011), Book of the Secrets of the Faithful of the Cross = Liber secretorum fidelium crucis, P. Lock (ed.), Burlington, VT.
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Melloni A. (1990), Innocenzo IV: La concezione e l’esperienza della Cristianità come Regimen Unius Personae, Genova.
Melville C. (1990), “Padshah-i Islam: Тhe Conversion of Sultan Mahmud Ghazan Khan”, in Pembroke Papers, Vol. 1, Cambridge, England.
Monumenta Franciscana (1858), Vol. I, Thomæ de Eccleston Liber de adventu Minorum in Angliam. Adami de Marisco Epistolæ. Prima fundatio Fratrum minorum Londoniæ. Appendix of original documents, J. S. Brewer (Ed.), London.
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Muldoon J. (2010), “The Nature of the Infidel: The Anthropology of the Canon Lawyers”, in Travellers, Intellectuals, and the World beyond Medieval Europe, Farnham, UK, Burlington, VT.
Pfeiffer J. (2006), “Reflections on a ‘Double Rapprochement’: Conversion to Islam among the Mongol Elite during the Early Ilkhanate”, in Beyond the Legacy of Genghis Khan, Leiden, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789047418573_022
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Richard J. (1998), La Papauté et les missions d’Orient au Moyen Age (XIIIe–XVe siècles), Rome.
Richard J. (2005), Au-delà de la Perse et de l’Arménie. L’Orient latin et la découverte de l’Asie intérieure. Quelques textes inégalement connus aux origines de l’alliance entre Francs et Mongols, 1145–1262, Turnhout, Belgium. https://doi.org/10.1484/M.MMA-EB.5.106104
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Ryan J. D. (1981), “Nicholas IV and the Evolution of the Eastern Missionary Effort”, in Archivum Historiae Pontificiae, Vol. 19, Romae.
Salimbene di Adam (2002), Cronaca, C. S. Nobili (Ed.), Roma.
Schmieder F. (2000), “Tartarus valde sapiens et eruditus in philosophia. La langue des missionnaires en Asie”, in L’étranger au Moyen Age: XXXe Congrès de la SHMES, (Gottingen, juin 1999), Paris. https://doi.org/10.4000/books.psorbonne.21379
Soranzo G. (1930), Il Papato, l’Europa cristiana e i Tartari, Milano.
Thompson A. (2002), “From Texts to Preaching: Retrieving the Medieval Sermon as an Event”, in Preacher, Sermon and Audience in the Middle Ages, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Tolan J. V. (2002), Saracens. Islam in the Medieval European Imagination, New York.
Van den Wyngaert A. (1929), Sinica Franciscana, Vol. I, Itinera et relationes fratrum minorum saeculi XIII et XIV, Quaracchi, Firenze.
Vincentius Bellovacensis (1473), Speculum historiale, J. Mentelin (ed.), Strasbourg.
Vose R. (2009), Dominicans, Muslims and Jews in the Medieval Crown of Aragon, Cambridge, UK, New York. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511581595
William of Adam (2012), How to Defeat the Saracens = Guillelmus Ade, Tractatus quomodo Sarraceni sunt expugnandi, G. Constable, R. Chakravarti, O. R. Constable and T. Kolbaba (eds), Washington, D.C.
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