Buddhist Terminology in the Ukrainian Translation of Dhammapada by P. Ritter
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Abstract
The article analyzes P. Ritter’s translation of 44 verses of the Pāli Dhammapada, which were included in his book Voices of Ancient India: An Anthology of Ancient Indian Literature, and gives a list of terminology of Pāli Buddhist vocabulary present in the text, which includes 53 lexical units: akata, aṭṭhaṅgikamagga, attan, adhamma, anuyogin, ariya, ariyasaccāni, ariyāṭṭhaṅgikamagga, asāra, kamma, kalyāṇa, kāma, kiliṭṭha, kusala, cattāri ariyasaccāni, citta, taṇhā, dukkha (= dukha), nibbāna, dhamma, paññā, paññavant, paṇḍita, pāpa, puñña, bāla, buddha, brāhmaṇa, bhikkhu, magga, manas, micchā, yoga, yogin, rāga, loka, virāga, visaṅkhāra, visuddhi, saṅkappa, saṅkhāra, saṁsāra, sacca, saṅgha, saddhamma, santi, sammā, sammāsambuddha, saraṇa, sāra, sāvaka, sukha, sugata. For each lexical unit grammatical information and a Sanskrit analogue is given, as well as an antonymic and synonymous term (if it occurs in the verses under consideration), all translation variants that occur in Ritter’s translation (including cases where the word was not translated by a specific corresponding term) are included with indication of the number of the verse, translation options of this word proposed by Max Müller and V. N. Toporov, as well as, if necessary, an explanatory comment on the corresponding term.
In the course of a comparative analysis of three translations of these verses (by P. G. Ritter, Max Müller and V. N. Toporov) a number of significant coincidences between the translations of Max Müller and V. N. Toporov were also revealed, the evaluation of which requires further work with a wider textological context (full text Dhammapada). At the same time, Ritter’s translation is completely original and not similar to previous translations of the Dhammapada from the original known to him (German translations by A. Weber and L. fon Schröder, French translation by F. Hû, English translation by M. Müller).
Pavlo Ritter’s “Buddhist dictionary” presented in this article should in the future be supplemented with vocabulary from the rest of the Buddhist texts translated by him (Suttanipāta, Mahāvagga, Mahāparinibbāna-sutta, Jātaka Book, Milinda-pañha), as well as a specialized study of Ritter’s manuscript materials.
How to Cite
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Buddhism; Buddhist terminology; Dhammapada; P. G. Ritter; translations of Dhammapada; Ukrainian Buddhism; Ukrainian Indology
Антологія літератур Сходу. Харків, 1961.
Голоси Стародавньої Індії: Антологія давньоіндійської літератури / Перекл. із санскриту, упорядкування П. Ріттера; передм. І. Серебрякова. Київ, 1982.
Дхаммапада. Москва, 1960.
Зарубіжна література: Матеріали до вивчення літератур зарубіжного Сходу: Хрестоматія. Київ, 2006.
Риттер П. Буддизм // Энциклопедический словарь Гранат. 7-е изд. Т. 7. Москва, 1911.
Риттер П. Дхаммапада // Энциклопедический словарь Гранат. 7-е изд. Т. 19. Москва, 1913.
Риттер П. Мюллер, Макс // Энциклопедический словарь Гранат. 7-е изд. Т. 29. Москва, 1914.
Стрелкова А. Ю. Буддизм: філософія порожнечі. Київ, 2015.
Стрелкова А. Ю. Три поняття буддійської філософії: “мислення”, “розум”, “свідомість” (до проблеми перекладу) // Sententiae. № 40, вип. 2. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31649/sent40.02.030
Стрелкова А. Ю. Павло Ріттер та його переклад “Дгаммапади” // Східний світ, 2022a, № 4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/orientw2022.04.050
Стрелкова А. Ю. Поняття “страждання” в буддизмі: онтологічна проблематика // Sententiae. № 41, вип. 1. 2022b. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31649/sent41.01.055
Burlingame E. W., Ānandajoti Bhikkhu. The Dhamma Verses Commentary / A Revised Translation of the Dhammapada Aṭṭhakathā together with a New Translation of All the Verse Texts (August, 2024). URL: https://ancient-buddhist-texts.net/English-Texts/Dhamma-Verses-Comm/Dhamma-Verses-Comm.pdf (дата звернення: 10.07.2024).
Buswell R. E., Lopez D. S. The Princeton dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton and Oxford, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400848058
Das Dhammapadam. Die älteste buddhistische Sittenlehre / Uebersetzt von Dr. Albrecht Weber // Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft. Bd. XIV. 1860.
Dhammapadam / Ex tribus codicibus Hauniensibus Palice edidit, Latine vertit, excerptis ex commentario Palico notisque illustravit V. Fausbøll. Hauniae, Lipsiae, Londini, 1855.
Friedlander P. G. Dhammapada Traditions and Translations // Journal of Religious History. Vol. 33, Issue 2. 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9809.2009.00795.x
Le Dhammapada / Avec introduction et notes par Fernand Hû suivi du Sutra en 42 articles / Traduit du tibétain avec introduction et notes par Léon Feer. Paris, 1878.
Norman K. R. Theravāda Buddhism and Brahmanical Hinduism: Brahmanical Terms in a Buddhist Guise // The Buddhist Forum. Vol. II. Seminar papers 1988–90 / Edited by Tadeusz Skorupski. Tring, Berkeley, 2012.
Rhys Davids T. W., Stede W. The Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary. London, 1952.
Taishō shinshū daizōkyō 大正新脩大藏經 // The SAT Daizōkyō Text Database. URL: http://21dzk.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp/SAT/ (дата звернення: 19.06.2024).
The Dhammapada. A Collection of Verses: Being One of the Canonical Books of the Buddhists translated from Pāli by F. Max Müller // The Sacred Books of the East translated by Various Oriental Scholars and edited by F. Max Müller. Vol. X, Pt. I. Oxford, 1881.
The Word of the Doctrine (Dhammapada) / Translated with introduction and notes by K. R. Norman. Oxford, 2000.
Worte der Wahrheit. Dhammapadam / Eine zum buddhistischen Canon gehörige Spruchsammlung in deutscher Uebersetzung herausgegeben von Leopold von Schroeder. Leipzig, 1892.
REFERENCES
Antolohiya literatur Skhodu (1961), Vydavnytstvo Kharkivs’koho universytetu, Kharkiv. (In Ukrainian).
Holosy Starodavn’oyi Indiyi: Antolohiya davn’oindiys’koyi literatury (1982), Translated and arranged by P. Ritter, preface by I. Serebryakov, Dnipro, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian).
Dkhammapada (1960), Izdatel’stvo Vostochnoy literatury, Moscow. (In Russian).
Zarubizhna literatura: Materialy do vyvchennya literatur zarubizhnoho Skhodu: Khrestomatiya (2006), Vydavnycho-polihrafichnyy tsentr “Kyyivs’kyy universytet”, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian).
Ritter P. (1911), “Buddizm”, in Entsiklopedicheskiy slovar’ Granat, 7th ed., Vol. 7, Moscow, col. 60–73. (In Russian).
Ritter P. (1913), “Dkhammapada”, in Entsiklopedicheskiy slovar’ Granat, 7th ed., Vol. 19, Moscow, col. 260–261. (In Russian).
Ritter P. (1914), “Müller, Max”, in Entsiklopedicheskiy slovar’ Granat, 7th ed., Vol. 29, Moscow, col. 500–502. (In Russian).
Strelkova A. Yu. (2015), Buddyzm: filosofiya porozhnechi, Vydavnychyy dim “Kyyevo-Mohylyans’ka akademiya”, Kyiv. (In Ukrainian).
Strelkova A. Yu. (2021), “Try poniattia buddiiskoi filosofii: ‘myslennia’, ‘rozum’, ‘svidomist’ (do problemy perekladu)”, Sententiae, No. 40, Issue 2, pp. 30–45. (In Ukrainian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31649/sent40.02.030
Strelkova A. Yu. (2022a), “Pavlo Ritter ta yoho pereklad ‘Dhammapady’ ”, Shìdnij svìt, No. 4, pp. 50–64. (In Ukrainian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/orientw2022.04.050
Strelkova A. Yu. (2022b), “Ponyattya ‘strazhdannya’ v buddyzmi: ontolohichna problematyka”, Sententiae, No. 41, Issue 1, pp. 55–75. (In Ukrainian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.31649/sent41.01.055
Burlingame E. W. and Ānandajoti Bhikkhu (2024), The Dhamma Verses Commentary, A Revised Translation of the Dhammapada Aṭṭhakathā together with a New Translation of All the Verse Texts, available at: https://ancient-buddhist-texts.net/English-Texts/Dhamma-Verses-Comm/Dhamma-Verses-Comm.pdf (accessed July 10, 2024).
Buswell R. E. and Lopez D. S. (2014), The Princeton dictionary of Buddhism, Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400848058
“Das Dhammapadam. Die älteste buddhistische Sittenlehre Uebersetzt von Dr. Albrecht Weber” (1860), Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Bd. XIV, pp. 29–86.
Dhammapadam (1855), Ex tribus codicibus Hauniensibus Palice edidit, Latine vertit, excerptis ex commentario Palico notisque illustravit V. Fausbøll. Apud haeredes Reitzelii, Apud Lorckium, Apud Williams & Norgate, Hauniae, Lipsiae, Londini.
Friedlander P. G. (2009), “Dhammapada Traditions and Translations”, Journal of Religious History, Vol. 33, Issue 2, pp. 215–234. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9809.2009.00795.x
Le Dhammapada (1878), Avec introduction et notes par Fernand Hû suivi du Sutra en 42 articles, Traduit du tibétain avec introduction et notes par Léon Feer. Ernest Leroux, éditeur, Libraire de la Société asiatique de Paris de l’École de langues orientales vivantes, Paris.
Norman K. R. (2012), “Theravāda Buddhism and Brahmanical Hinduism: Brahmanical Terms in a Buddhist Guise”, in The Buddhist Forum. Vol. II. Seminar papers 1988–90, Tadeusz Skorupski (ed.), The Institute of Buddhist Studies, Tring, Berkeley, pp. 193–218.
Rhys Davids T. W. and Stede W. (1952), The Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary, The Pali Text Society, London.
“Taishō shinshū daizōkyō”, in The SAT Daizōkyō Text Database, available at: http://21dzk.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp/SAT/ (accessed June 19, 2024). (In Japanese).
“The Dhammapada. A Collection of Verses: Being One of the Canonical Books of the Buddhists translated from Pāli by F. Max Müller” (1881), in The Sacred Books of the East translated by Various Oriental Scholars and edited by F. Max Müller, Vol. X, Pt. I, Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 1–99.
The Word of the Doctrine (Dhammapada) (2000), Translated with introduction and notes by K. R. Norman, The Pali Text Society, Oxford.
Worte der Wahrheit. Dhammapadam (1892), Eine zum buddhistischen Canon gehörige Spruchsammlung in deutscher Uebersetzung herausgegeben von Leopold von Schroeder, Verlag von H. Haessel, Leipzig.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.