THE ROLE OF THE HEART SŪTRA IN THE FORMATION OF VAJRAYᾹNA TEACHINGS THROUGH THE LENS OF THE KᾹLACAKRA TANTRA TRADITION
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Abstract
The article is devoted to the historical and philosophical issues in the study of the text of the so-called Heart Sutra within the Tibetan-Buddhist tradition. We reviewed the horizon of the Sanskrit-Tibetan and western translations as prolegomena to our research to better understand both the logic of the formation of the Buddhist tradition of Prajna-paramita sutras in India (revealed in translations from Sanskrit into Western languages) and the principles of their textual transmission into Tibet by lotsawas (elucidated through the lens of the principles of the Tibetan translation from Sanskrit). The prime goal of the study was to identify the Buddhist religious and philosophical mechanism that allowed to move from intellectual comprehension of the ideas of emptiness given in the sutras of the Mahayana to their direct practice, the task of which is to identify emptiness in the flow of personality’s mind. And since the Heart Sutra is the quintessence of the whole tradition of Prajna-paramita texts, we have chosen it as the representative of the teachings of the sutras for comparative analysis with the tradition of Mantrayana, that is, Tantrayana. As for the tantric tradition, we have chosen one of the highest tantras – the so-called Kalachakra Tantra, which is considered to be the most systematic and structured tantra. We found the consistent complication of the Heart Sutra ideas in the Kalachakra Tantra that opened for a person the way of the experience of emptiness. Mantras, as they are, were transformed from the morphological formula like the given in the Heart Sutra into the phonetic formula like the given in the Kalachakra Tantra: they lost the literal meaning but obtained the symbolic one. Having the key mantra of Prajna-paramita, the Heart Sutra took the place of the trigger that provides the opportunity to add the diverse arsenal of tantras to the process of Buddhist enlightenment organically.
How to Cite
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Heart Sutra, Tibetan Buddhism, Prajna-paramita, Kalachakra Tantra, lotsawa, mantra, sutra, tantra
Література:
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